Diets or dietary nutrition-is the use of nutrition for the treatment and prevention of exacerbation of chronic diseases, that is, proper nutrition for various diseases.
Therapeutic nutrition for some diseases.
For gastritis with high acidity, diet No. 1 is recommended.
Food for these patients is cooked in water or steamed, prepared mainly in well -welded or wiped form.Vegetables, fruits, bread are very useful.Meat, fish, mushroom broths and gravy, decoctions of vegetables (especially cabbage), all sorts of sharp, sour dishes and foods, spices, fried dishes, raw vegetables, fruits, coarse bread, butter dough, pancakes, etc. are excluded from the diet.Vitamins are added in the form of a decoction of rosehip berries, raw sweet berry juices, raw potato juice, as well as pharmacy drugs of vitamins.Food is salted moderately.It is recommended to eat 5 times a day.
With gastritis with insufficient acidity, diet No. 2 is recommended.
You can take various broths, meat, fish, mushroom and vegetable gravy, sour fruit and berry juices, fried dishes (without rough crust), snacks in the form of chopped herring, grated cheese.The temperature of hot dishes should be about 60 degrees, cold - not lower than 10 degrees (the indicated temperatures are recommended for most diets).Food is prepared in a wiped or well -chopped form, salted normally.It is recommended to eat at least 4 times a day.
The diet for peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum depends on the condition of the patient.
During periods of satisfactory health of the patient, you can use the above diet No. 1. During periods of exacerbation of the disease, the patient’s diet should be agreed with the doctor.Sometimes from the patient’s diet for 1-2 weeks, vegetables in any form and fruits are completely excluded, and bread is replaced with a small amount of crackers.
With constipation, diet No. 3 is recommended.
Ground flour bread, raw vegetables and fruits and vegetable and fruit dishes are prescribed.Various sugar foods (honey, sugar, jam, dairy sugar) are excited by the activity of the intestines and the diet includes yogurt, kefir, etc. Dairy-acidic products. Military-acidic products should be fresh (one-day yogurt, kefir No. 1, in which not all sugar produced ethanol).Pickled and salty vegetables and fruits are recommended.Vegetable oils contribute to bowel movements.You can mix 1-2 tablespoons of unrefined olive oil with a glass of kefir, and take it during the day. It is recommended in the morning on an empty stomach to drink sweet cold water with prunes or raisins, dried apricots (you can cold honey water). It is necessary to limit the amount of products that have a gentle or astringent effect in the diet: jelly, cocoa, cocoa, cocoa, strong tea, strong tea, strong tea, strong tea, strong tea, strong tea, strong tea, strong tea, strong tea, strong tea, strong tea, strong tea, strong tea, strong tea, strong tea, strong tea, strong tea, strong tea, strong tea, strong tea, strong tea, strong tea, strong tea, strong tea, cocoBlueberries. Of course, this diet is suitable for ordinary constipation.If constipation is a consequence of the irritable bowel syndrome, then an individual approach is needed, depending on the patient's condition and complaints.
In chronic colitis, diet No. 4 is recommended in the exacerbation stage.
Vegetables and fruits, as well as fresh milk, are excluded from the food diet.Instead of bread, the patient receives crackers.All dishes are cooked in shabby, boiled in water or steamed.The amount of fat in the diet is significantly limited (up to 40-50g per day), spices are excluded.Vitamins must be added in the form of a decoction of rosehips and vitamin preparations. It is recommended to eat food 4 times a day in small portions. Sin of dishes should be moderately.During the period of satisfactory well -being, it is recommended to observe diet No. 2, significantly limiting or completely excluding fresh whole milk from the diet (which is used only in diluted form).Instead of milk, lactic acid products are recommended: a three-day kefir, acidophilic yoke yoke. With some forms of colitis, which are accompanied by diarrhea, on the advice of a doctor for 1-2 days, an apple diet is carried out (under the conditions of bed rest): 5 times during the day, 250-300 g of mature raw apples (without a peel and seed box).
For diseases of the liver and biliary tract, diet No. 5 is recommended.
The diet includes products that help remove fat from the liver (cod, dairy products, especially cottage cheese), as well as vegetables, fruits, as well as vegetable oil.In the diet, eggs, brains, meat, fish and mushroom broths, gravy and soups, animal fats, except for a small amount of butter, are excluded; fucked dishes are excluded;food is cooked in boiled form or baked water;Meat and fish can be baked after preliminary boiling.Very cold dishes should be avoided.You can salt food normally (with exacerbation, salt is limited). It is recommended to take at least 4, better 5 times a day.In case of exacerbation of liver and gall bladder diseases, accompanied by gastritis, diets No. 5 are prepared in a wiped form, raw vegetables, brown bread are excluded from the diet;All dishes are steamed or in water (not baked).
For kidney diseases, diet No. 7/10 is recommended.
The amount of protein is reduced at the direction of the doctor, primarily due to restriction of meat, fish and eggs.The proteins of milk and dairy products are preferred. The consumption of fluid (up to 1l per day) and salt (up to cooking all food without salt and using bread without salt) are preferable. It is recommended to take food with uniform portions 4-5 times a day.In some forms of kidney diseases (nephrosis), the amount of protein in the diet is not only not limited, but also increases.Therefore, the nutrition of an honorary patient should be carried out under the guidance of a doctor. When kidney diseases, the so-called is periodically carried out within 1-2 days.Surgery in the form of a vegetable and fruit diet: 1l compote or 1.2-1.5 kg of fruits or 1.2-1.5 kg of not salted vegetable salad with sour cream (50g) per day.
With heart diseases in a state of compensation, i.e.Saved performance is recommended diet No. 5.
But it is necessary to limit the liquids, drink salt moderately. Food should be taken at least 5 times a day in small portions.Periodically, the doctor’s advice is recommended to conduct fasting days.
Diet for hypertension.
The use of salt, meat, fish and mushroom broths, soups and gravy, as well as liquids is limited.Days (apple, liquid) are recommended in bed conditions.
With atherosclerosis, diet No. 5 is recommended.
Products containing many substances are excluded from the diet - cholesterol (egg yolks, brains, lard);limit the use of butter due to the inclusion in the diet of vegetable oil;Dairy products, sea fish (cod, keta) containing iodine, and soybeans are recommended that contribute to cholesterol dissolution and eliminating it from the body.Vegetables, fruits, and coarse bread are very useful.
With tuberculosis, diet No. 11 is recommended.
With a high content of animal proteins: milk and dairy products, meat, fish.The diet should include products containing vitamin C - vegetables, fruits, rosehip decoction;B vitamins - liver, yeast drinks;Calcium salts - cottage cheese, cheese. This diet is prescribed for anemia, losing weight after transactions and after the diseases.
Diet for diabetes.
The diet is carried out individually only at the direction of the doctor. In the diet, carbohydrates (to a certain extent and fats) are limited, which is reduced by the volume of the diet.Therefore, dishes of specially treated vegetables are additionally prepared: salads made of greens, cabbage;Bread with a high content of bran (washed in boiling water and running water, dried).It is recommended to eat at least 4 times a day.
Diet with obesity.
They limit the use of carbohydrates to a lesser extent - fats. When the fatness, food should be taken, which consists mainly of vegetables, which, with significant volume, have small calorie content and contribute to saturation, at least 5 times a day in small portions to avoid increased appetite. The same purpose avoid spices, acute dishes.Limit the amount of liquids and table salt.
Diet for pancreatic diseases.
Food meals should be frequent and small in volume (not more than 300 g). If insufficiency, a low fat diet (30-40 g/day) is mandatory, even if pancreatic enzymes are used in therapy.Plant fats are used that are well tolerated by patients.In the diet, even with a violation of carbohydrate, high molecular weight polysaccharides should prevail, and proteins are 80-120 g/day. It is from the beginning of the attack. 0-3 days. They know hunger in the first 1-3 days of exacerbation.Perhaps, according to the testimony, parenteral nutrition, the use of antacids and degassed alkaline mineral water (every 2 hours).4th day. It is possible: start with mucous soups, liquid wiped milk cereals, vegetable puree and jelly from fruit juice.You can do with weak tea, mineral water+, a decoction of rosehips. Non -wipes: broths, fatty varieties of meat and fish, lamb, pork, goose, duck, sturgeon, fried dishes raw vegetables, fruits, smoked meats, sausages, cheeses, oily flour products, black bread, ice cream, alcohol, spices, spices, oil, oil, oil, oil, oil, oil, oil, oil, oil, oil, oil, oil, oil, oil, oil, oilSalt, whole milk. 4-7 day. It is possible as in the first days.And you can also add crackers, meat and low -fat fish, steam protein omelet, fresh cottage cheese is not sour, steam puddings.Unsalted butter in dishes (10 g/day), baked apples.Jelly, mousses in sorbiti. Non-wagon: the same as in the first days. 6-10 day. It is possible: gradual inclusion of the diet expansion, an increase in the circuit of food and calorie content.Sugar can be increased to 30 g/day, salt up to 5 g/day, butter to 30 g/day in finished dishes. Nonsense: the same as before. 10-15 day. You can: add low-fat sour-milk products-yogurt, kefir, eggs. Landing: the same is. 15-60 day (the entire period of remission). CanWith exacerbation, only dishes can be less gentle.Ground soups are replaced with ordinary vegetarian ones, cereals can be thicker, pasta, raw vegetables, fruits, non -resistant soups, doctoral sausages, boiled meat in pieces, baked fish.In a small amount you can sour cream and cream in dishes, kefir - not sour.Salt up to 6 g per day. Non -day: fats in pure form, acute, sour, spicy, canned food, meat broths, ice cream, coffee, chocolate, beans, sorrel, spinach, radishes, mushrooms, acidic apples, lemons, cranberries, cherries, currants, acidic juices, alcohol, carbonated drinks, kvass from an oxydough.